People's History of Ideas Podcast

Matthew Rothwell

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In their own words

In this podcast, Matthew Rothwell, author of Transpacific Revolutionaries: The Chinese Revolution in Latin America, explores the global history of ideas related to rebellion and revolution. The main focus of this podcast for the near future will be on the history of the Chinese Revolution, going all the way back to its roots in the initial Chinese reactions to British imperialism during the Opium War of 1839-1842, and then following the development of the revolution and many of the ideas that were products of the revolution through to their transnational diffusion in the late 20th century.

As heard by us

Based on 6 episodes we listened to · September 2026

Close readings of revolutionary documents make internal Communist debates, strategic divisions, and changing political ideas unusually legible.

Matthew Rothwell follows Chinese Communist political debates at close range, tracing how strategy, ideology, and party authority collided around the Sixth Congress, Chen Duxiu, and the dispute between Mao Zedong and Zhu De.

Read our full review in PlayNext →

Why you'd press play

Mao's letter to Lin Biao gets the close reading your last political argument could have used.

Press play if you want

  • to follow a dispute over party control beyond a tidy one-episode resolution
  • to see what 'democratic revolution' meant in Mao's notice to merchants and intellectuals
Read the full recommendation in PlayNext →

Talks about

Best episodes of People's History of Ideas Podcast

Short reviews from the PlayNext desk, based on the episodes we processed.

How Brainwashing was Good and Maoist Propaganda was True: An Interview with leading China scholar Aminda SmithMar 7, 2026

A thoughtful interview that makes thought reform and historical framing feel newly worth arguing about.

People's History of Ideas makes episode 133 feel like a real conversation instead of a polished lecture, and that works in its favor. Dr. Aminda Smith brings the kind of scholarly weight the host says listeners have been asking for, while the discussion stays centered on thought…

Chen Duxiu Update (or, the Devil Makes Work for Idle Hands) (1929)Dec 11, 2025

A careful look at how revolutionary theory and defeat push one Communist leader toward Trotskyism.

The episode follows Chengdu Xu as he breaks with the Comintern's third period line, revisits the defeat of the Chinese revolution, and lands on Trotskyism. It works best when it treats that split as more than doctrine on a page.

The 1929 Sino-Soviet War BeginsMay 14, 2025

A grounded review of a war shaped by railways, coal, border fighting, and Soviet caution.

This single-episode review follows the Soviet campaign in Manchuria through the practical pressures that shaped it: railways, coal mines, border towns, and Moscow's caution over Japan's likely reaction.

The Gutian Resolution (End of 1929) (Part One)Jan 10, 2025

A close reading of a revolutionary document and the edits that changed how it is framed.

This episode takes the Gutian Resolution apart, using the December 1929 text to trace how the first part was reshaped into On Correcting Mistaken Ideas in the Party and how those wording changes sharpen the argument.

The Battle for Shanghang (mid-September 1929)Dec 21, 2024

A river crossing, city-wall lights, and a delayed assault make the battle a vivid study of revolutionary warfare under political pressure.

The battle works best here as a close study of terrain, timing, and habit. The episode sets the assault beside Mao Zedong's sidelining from Army leadership, then draws its sharpest texture from Judah's memoirs as told to Agnes Smedley in Yanan in 1937.

Podcasts like People's History of Ideas Podcast

Episodes

  1. 1

    Mao Tells Zhou Enlai about Guerrilla Warfare

    Hidden gem

    People's History of Ideas Podcast episode 115 focuses on Mao Zedong's April 5, 1929 letter to Zhou Enlai and the Central Committee.

    ·24m·1 clip
  2. 2

    From Dabodi to Donggu: The Retreat from the Jinggangshan Continues (February 1929)

    ·21m
  3. 3

    Did the German Communists Really Say “After Hitler, Our Turn?” Exploring the Historical Evidence

    This podcast segment explores the historical evidence and controversy surrounding the German communists' slogan 'after Hitler, our turn' during the early 1930s, in the context of the Comintern's third period.

    ·19m
  4. 4

    Winning Over Enemy Troops: Mao’s Leninist Approach to Fomenting Mutiny in the Guomindang (January 1930)

    ·30m
  5. 5

    Leaving Donggu, Taking Changting (February to March 1929)

    Hidden gem

    The People's History of Ideas Podcast episode on "Leaving Donggu, Taking Changting" follows the Red 4th Army's eight-night stop in Donggu from February 17th to February 25th, when 300 sick and wounded were treated and clothes were boiled to kill lice.

    ·23m·1 clip
  6. 6

    Running for Their Lives: The Retreat from the Jinggangshan (January to February 1929)

    ·22m
  7. 7

    On the Experience of the National Bourgeoisie in the New Democratic Revolution

    Hidden gem

    People’s History of Ideas Podcast episode 112 asks what Mao Zedong was doing when he appealed to Chongqing merchants and intellectuals in 1929 with promises that the Communist Party would not confiscate property.

    ·27m·1 clip
  8. 8

    The Red Army Victorious: The Conquest of Several Counties in Jiangxi and Fujian in the Spring of 1929

    Hidden gem

    The Red Army builds on earlier gains in Jiangxi and western Fujian.

    ·30m·1 clip
  9. 9

    The Line Struggle Between Mao Zedong and Zhu De (May to June 1929)

    Hidden gem

    The People's History of Ideas Podcast episode on “The Line Struggle Between Mao Zedong and Zhu De (May to June 1929)” centers on a fight inside the Fourth Red Army over whether the front committee or a separate army committee should control military affairs.

    ·36m·2 clips
  10. 10

    The End of the Sixth Congress

    Hidden gem

    The People's History of Ideas Podcast episode “The End of the Sixth Congress” contrasts the Sixth Congress’s paper resolutions with the much messier reality of the Chinese Communist Party in 1928.

    ·33m·2 clips
  11. 11

    Frameworks for Thinking about Tragic Historical Shortcomings of the Socialist Experience

    Hidden gem

    People's History of Ideas Podcast episode 107 answers a listener’s question about how to talk about Mao Zedong without collapsing the discussion into “Chinese Hitler” language.

    ·28m·1 clip
  12. 12

    The 1929 Sino-Soviet War Concludes

    ·22m
  13. 13

    “On the Problem of Party Organization” (The Gutian Resolution—Part Three)

    Hidden gem

    People's History of Ideas Podcast episode 125 reads the Gutian Resolution section “On the Problem of Party Organization,” focusing on Mao’s diagnosis that the Fourth Red Army party was “extremely grave,” “too easy” to join, and badly organized.

    ·26m·1 clip
  14. 14

    The Chinese Eastern Railway: Background to the 1929 Sino-Soviet War

    ·20m
  15. 15

    The Politburo in Shanghai Discusses the Line Struggle in the Red Army and Issues the September Instruction

    ·22m
  16. 16

    A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire (January 1930) (Part One)

    Hidden gem

    People's History of Ideas Podcast episode 134 returns to Mao Zedong after the Gutean Conference of December 28-29, 1929, and centers on his January 5, 1930 reply to Lin Biao.

    ·23m
  17. 17

    The Chinese Communist Party Interventions in the 1929 Sino-Soviet War

    Hidden gem

    People's History of Ideas Podcast episode 129 links the 1929 Sino-Soviet War to CCP propaganda in Shanghai and organizing in Manchuria.

    ·23m·1 clip
  18. 18

    Revolution in the ‘20s, Go For It: The ‘Third Period’ Comes to China

    Episode 130 follows the Comintern framework for understanding the 1929 Sino-Soviet War.

    ·27m
  19. 19

    A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire (January 1930) (Part Two)

    The episode returns to Mao Zedong's January 5th, 1930 letter to Lin Biao.

    Mar 21, 2026·31m
  20. 20

    How Brainwashing was Good and Maoist Propaganda was True: An Interview with leading China scholar Aminda Smith

    Episode 133 of the People's History of Ideas podcast introduces historian Aminda Smith, Associate Professor of Chinese History at Michigan State University and author of Thought Reform and China’s Dangerous Classes.

    Mar 7, 2026·58m·3 clips
  21. 21

    Chen Duxiu Update (or, the Devil Makes Work for Idle Hands) (1929)

    Hidden gem

    Episode 132 of People's History of Ideas examines Chen Dushu's transformation from Chinese Communist Party co-founder and general secretary (1921-1927) to Trotskyist dissident.

    Dec 11, 2025·31m
  22. 22

    The 1929 Sino-Soviet War Begins

    Hidden gem

    Episode 127 of the People's History of Ideas podcast examines the origins of the 1929 Sino-Soviet War, focusing on the appointment of Soviet military commander Vasily Blyukher to command the Special Far Eastern Army.

    May 14, 2025·22m
  23. 23

    “The Problem of Correcting Erroneous and Nonproletarian Ideological Tendencies in the Party” (The Gutian Resolution—Part Two)

    This episode analyzes the Gu Tian Resolution of 1929, where Mao Zedong critiqued ideological errors in the Chinese Communist Party, including ultra-democracy, absolute egalitarianism, and individualism.

    Jan 18, 2025·32m·2 clips
  24. 24

    The Gutian Resolution (End of 1929) (Part One)

    The episode returns to the resolution of the Ninth Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in the Fourth Red Army as it was written in December 1929.

    Jan 10, 2025·26m·5 clips
  25. 25

    Two Letters and “On Correcting Mistaken Ideas in the Party” (November to December 1929)

    Episode 122 of People's History of Ideas presents two letters Mao Zedong wrote on November 28, 1929, from Chongqing, offering rare documentary evidence of his personal and political concerns during a critical revolutionary period.

    Dec 28, 2024·30m
  26. 26

    The Battle for Shanghang (mid-September 1929)

    The city's electric lights, meant to prevent night attacks, became a fairyland blindness—they never saw the assault coming from the north.

    Dec 21, 2024·20m·1 clip
  27. 27

    Mao gets Kicked from Party Leadership, and Organizes a Land Reform in Western Fujian

    This episode examines Mao Zedong's 1929 resignation letter and subsequent removal from leadership of the Fourth Red Army, analyzing whether his resignation was tactical or genuine.

    Dec 7, 2024·24m·2 clips
  28. 28

    Mao’s 14 June 1929 Letter to Lin Biao

    Hidden gem

    People’s History of Ideas Podcast episode 118 reads Mao’s June 14, 1929 letter to Lin Biao and focuses on the struggle over party control of the Red Army.

    Nov 30, 2024·34m·2 clips
  29. 29

    The Party Center Attempts to Assert Control over the Red Army and Orders Mao and Zhu to Report to Shanghai

    Hidden gem

    People's History of Ideas Podcast episode 114 centers on Zhou Enlai’s February 7, 1929 letter to Mao Zedong and Zhu De, written after the 4th and 5th Red Armies reunited in Royjean.

    Apr 4, 2024·22m·1 clip
  30. 30

    Mao’s March 20 Letter to the Central Committee, and the 5th Red Army’s Retreat from the Jinggangshan (January to April 1929)

    Snow fell a foot deep. Peng's army climbed sheer precipices in the dark. Hungry, nearly encircled, they punched through anyway.

    Mar 10, 2024·25m·2 clips
  31. 31

    A New Communist Order in Changting (March 1929)

    Hidden gem

    Host covers Red Army conquest of Tingzhou (March 14, 1929) and rapid revolutionary governance implementation.

    Jan 13, 2024·34m
  32. 32

    Clashing Communists and Comintern Guidance: The 6th Congress Gets off to a Rocky Start

    Sep 21, 2023·21m
  33. 33

    Bukharin on the Nature of the Chinese Revolution in 1928

    Sep 14, 2023·38m
  34. 34

    Bukharin on the Theory of the Productive Forces (and Mao’s counterpoint on New Democratic Revolution)

    May 27, 2023·25m
  35. 35

    The ‘Third Period’ of the World Revolution: Bukharin’s Speech at the Sixth Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (June 1928)

    May 20, 2023·25m
  36. 36

    Preparations for the Sixth Party Congress (April to May 1928)

    May 13, 2023·22m
  37. 37

    The Bailu Conference: Suppressing Orders from the Party Congress and Preparing to Leave the Jinggangshan (January 1929)

    Feb 16, 2023·24m
  38. 38

    The Base Area under Economic Blockade and Unification with the Fifth Red Army (End of 1928)

    Feb 2, 2023·29m
  39. 39

    Vagrants, Mercenaries, and Rich Peasants (November 1928)

    Nov 27, 2022·41m
  40. 40

    Transforming, Building, and Purging the Party (September to November 1928)

    Oct 31, 2022·25m
  41. 41

    Opportunism and Self-Criticism: The Jinggangshan Party Congress Resolution of October 1928

    Oct 20, 2022·29m
  42. 42

    “Why Is It that Red Political Power Can Exist in China?” (October 1928)

    Sep 15, 2022·41m
  43. 43

    The August Defeat (Part 2): The Communists Strike Back (August to November 1928)

    Jul 31, 2022·24m
  44. 44

    The August Defeat (Part 1)

    Jul 24, 2022·22m
  45. 45

    The Yongxin Joint Conference and Mao’s July 4, 1928 Report to the Hunan Provincial Committee

    Jul 17, 2022·28m
  46. 46

    Clandestine Transcripts of Revolutionary Globalization: The Shining Paths of Late Cultural Revolution Maoism

    Apr 28, 2022·45m
  47. 47

    Nuclear War and Communist Revolution

    Mar 7, 2022·30m
  48. 48

    The Beginning of the Midyear Crisis (June 1928)

    Feb 27, 2022·26m
  49. 49

    Land Revolution and Communist Party Growth: The High Tide of the Jinggangshan Base Area (Summer 1928)

    Feb 10, 2022·31m
  50. 50

    Beating Back Suppression Campaigns and Expanding the Jinggangshan Base Area (May to June 1928)

    Feb 3, 2022·26m
  51. 51

    The Jinggangshan Junction of Forces: Mao Zedong and Zhu De Unite (April to May 1928)

    Jan 27, 2022·30m
  52. 52

    The Wages of Revolution: Life Underground in Shanghai in the Late 1920s (Part 3)

    Jan 20, 2022·24m
  53. 53

    Friendship, Compartmentalization, and Assassination Squads: Life Underground in Shanghai in the Late 1920s (Part 2)

    Jan 13, 2022·25m
  54. 54

    Life Underground in Shanghai in the Late 1920s (Part 1)

    Jan 6, 2022·25m
  55. 55

    Mao’s (Temporary) Expulsion from the Communist Party and the Collapse of the South Hunan Uprising (March and April 1928)

    Dec 19, 2021·23m
  56. 56

    The Southern Hunan Uprising (Early 1928)

    Dec 15, 2021·24m
  57. 57

    Studying Marxism and Getting Thrown in Jail: Zhu De in Germany (1922-1926)

    Nov 20, 2021·22m
  58. 58

    Zhu De and The Army for the Defense of the Republic in Sichuan and Yunnan (1916-1922)

    Nov 2, 2021·24m
  59. 59

    From Gym Teacher to General: Zhu De in Revolution and Rebellion (1907-1916)

    Sep 23, 2021·21m
  60. 60

    From Poor Peasant to Gym Teacher: The Early Life of Zhu De

    Sep 16, 2021·27m
  61. 61

    Engels on Insurrection

    Sep 9, 2021·24m
  62. 62

    The Guangzhou Commune (December 11-13, 1927)

    Sep 2, 2021·21m
  63. 63

    Red Canton: Background to the Guangzhou Uprising of December 1927

    Aug 26, 2021·21m
  64. 64

    ‘Blind Actionism’ in Action: Understanding the Hundreds of Small Revolts Led by Communists at the End of the 1920s in China

    Aug 19, 2021·23m
  65. 65

    Summing Up Failures, or Playing the Blame Game? The November 1927 Politburo Meeting in Shanghai

    Aug 12, 2021·28m
  66. 66

    Sedan Chairs, Tired Intellectuals, and Indifferent Masses: The Denouement of the Nanchang Uprising/Southern Expedition (August to October 1927)

    Aug 5, 2021·25m
  67. 67

    Hearts, Minds, and a Head on a Spike: The Unification of People and Forces in the Jinggangshan

    Jul 29, 2021·29m
  68. 68

    Secret Agent for International Maoism: José Venturelli, Chinese Informal Diplomacy and Latin American Maoism

    Jul 22, 2021·49m
  69. 69

    Two Incursions, One Betrayal, and Six Points for Attention: The Red Army in Chaling and Suichuan (October 1927 to January 1928)

    Jul 15, 2021·26m
  70. 70

    Alliances, Discipline, and an Army to Serve the People: The Beginning of the Jinggangshan Base Area (October 1927)

    Jul 8, 2021·24m
  71. 71

    The Early Jinggangshan Revolutionary Movement

    Jul 1, 2021·29m
  72. 72

    Mao’s Bandit Comrades: Wang Zuo and Yuan Wencai

    Jun 24, 2021·22m
  73. 73

    Bandits of the Jinggangshan

    Jun 17, 2021·26m
  74. 74

    Background on Society and Economy in the Jinggang Mountains

    Jun 10, 2021·25m
  75. 75

    Entering the Jinggangshan: The Sanwan Reorganization of the People’s Army

    Jun 3, 2021·24m
  76. 76

    The Autumn Harvest Uprising in Hunan

    May 27, 2021·30m
  77. 77

    Planning the Autumn Harvest Uprising in Hunan

    May 21, 2021·25m
  78. 78

    The Autumn Harvest Uprising in Hubei

    May 15, 2021·25m
  79. 79

    The “Tender-Hearted Communist:” Qu Qiubai

    May 8, 2021·25m
  80. 80

    Army or Militia? Mao and the Politburo Diverge on Military Policy for the Autumn Harvest Uprising

    Apr 24, 2021·26m
  81. 81

    The Decisive Turn to Overthrowing the Guomindang: The 7 August 1927 Emergency Conference

    Apr 17, 2021·28m
  82. 82

    The Nanchang Uprising (August 1, 1927)

    Feb 17, 2021·28m
  83. 83

    The End of the United Front (June to July 1927)

    Feb 8, 2021·22m
  84. 84

    “Like Taking a Bath in a Toilet” (May and June 1927)

    Jan 29, 2021·26m
  85. 85

    “An Example of the Chinese Tenant-Peasant’s Life”

    Jan 23, 2021·20m
  86. 86

    Mao Tries to Legislate a Peasant Revolution: The Wuhan Land Commission (April to May 1927)

    Jan 23, 2021·30m
  87. 87

    The Fifth Party Congress and the ‘Better Fewer but Better’ Approach to Summing up a Massacre

    Jan 18, 2021·28m
  88. 88

    Rivers of Blood in the Streets of Shanghai: The Massacre of the Communists by the Guomindang Right

    Jan 7, 2021·25m
  89. 89

    The Third Armed Uprising in Shanghai

    Dec 17, 2020·23m
  90. 90

    The Split in the Guomindang: The Left Government in Wuhan and the Military Headquarters in Nanchang Develop Irreconcilable Differences (January to March 1927)

    Dec 3, 2020·24m
  91. 91

    Summation, Red Terror, and Frustration: The Aftermath of the Second Armed Uprising in Shanghai (February and March 1927)

    Nov 12, 2020·25m
  92. 92

    The Second Armed Uprising in Shanghai (February 1927)

    Nov 5, 2020·25m
  93. 93

    From Dog-Beating Squads to the First Armed Uprising: The Shanghai Communists’ Steep Learning Curve in Developing Armed Struggle (1922 to 1926)

    Oct 29, 2020·24m
  94. 94

    When Peasant Revolution Meets the Theory of the Productive Forces: The Communist Debate on Unity with the Nationalist Left

    Oct 22, 2020·24m
  95. 95

    More Mass Movements, More Problems: The Aggressive Line of the Guangdong Comrades

    Oct 15, 2020·25m
  96. 96

    Revolution in the Countryside: The Peasant Movement in Hunan in the Wake of the Northern Expedition

    Oct 8, 2020·32m
  97. 97

    The Northern Expedition Begins: Attempts at Merging the Mass Movement with Regular Warfare

    Oct 1, 2020·29m
  98. 98

    Mao in 1926: War in Hunan, Coup in Guangzhou, Polemicizing for the Peasant Movement

    Sep 24, 2020·27m
  99. 99

    Spreading Peasant Revolution Across Guangdong, and Beyond: The Guangzhou Peasant Movement Training Institute

    Sep 17, 2020·26m
  100. 100

    The Beginning of the Peasant Movement in Guangdong Province: How the Communist Party Got a Mass Base of Peasant Support in Spite of Itself

    Sep 10, 2020·22m
  101. 101

    The March 1926 Zhongshan Gunboat Incident: Coup and Countercoup in the Pearl River Delta

    Sep 3, 2020·22m
  102. 102

    From Quaker Peace Activist to Maoist Revolutionary: An Oral History of Personal Transformation from a 1971 American Delegation to China

    Aug 27, 2020·1h 36m
  103. 103

    Bonus: New China Song by Prairie Fire

    Aug 24, 2020·8m
  104. 104

    The Beginning of Maoism: Mao Zedong’s “Analysis of All the Classes in Chinese Society”

    Aug 20, 2020·26m
  105. 105

    Propaganda, Criticism and Corruption: Mao as Propagandist and Disciplinarian (October 1925 to early 1926)

    Aug 13, 2020·23m
  106. 106

    Strike, Assassination and War: The Revolution/Counter-Revolution Dialectic in Guangdong in the Second Half of 1925

    Aug 6, 2020·26m
  107. 107

    Guangdong Spring 1925: Revolutionary Warfare Erupts and Workers Shut Down Hong Kong

    Jul 30, 2020·25m
  108. 108

    The Soviet Military Alliance with the Guomindang, and the Creation of the National Revolutionary Army

    Jul 23, 2020·25m
  109. 109

    Peasant Revolution?: An Exhausted Mao Rediscovers His Roots

    Jul 16, 2020·28m
  110. 110

    Gonzalo in the Middle Kingdom: What Abimael Guzmán Tells Us in His Three Discussions of His Two Trips to China

    Jul 9, 2020·1h 9m
  111. 111

    The May 30 Movement: The Chinese People’s Uprising Against the British and Japanese in 1925

    Jul 2, 2020·28m
  112. 112

    Lenin’s Ideas on Revolutionary Situations and the Situation in the United States Today

    Jun 25, 2020·25m
  113. 113

    Back to the Labor Front!: The Japanese Mills Strike of 1925

    Jun 18, 2020·21m
  114. 114

    The Proletarian Nation vs. The Theory of the Productive Forces

    Jun 11, 2020·27m
  115. 115

    Friends Close, Enemies Closer: The United Front in Action

    Jun 4, 2020·23m
  116. 116

    The Road Is Tortuous: The Chinese Revolution and the End of the Global Sixties

    May 28, 2020·43m
  117. 117

    The Loneliest United Front: The Chinese Communist Party in 1923

    May 21, 2020·23m
  118. 118

    Communist Unionizing and the Genesis of the United Front with the Guomindang

    May 14, 2020·25m
  119. 119

    Workers' Revolution or Nationalist United Front? Early Strategic Decisions of the Chinese Communist Party

    May 7, 2020·24m
  120. 120

    Demarcation and Organization: The Chinese Communist Party is Founded

    Apr 30, 2020·23m
  121. 121

    From Russia with Organizational Expertise: The Comintern Comes to China

    Apr 24, 2020·25m
  122. 122

    The Communist International

    Mar 25, 2020·26m
  123. 123

    Mao's Anarchist Years (The Young Mao Zedong Part Two)

    Feb 20, 2020·26m
  124. 124

    Liberals Becoming Marxists: The New Culture and May 4th Movements (1915-1919)

    Jan 29, 2020·27m
  125. 125

    The Young Mao Zedong

    Dec 21, 2019·23m
  126. 126

    The 1911 Revolution

    Dec 14, 2019·23m
  127. 127

    Revolutionary Voices from the End of the Qing Dynasty

    Nov 21, 2019·25m
  128. 128

    The Boxer Uprising of 1900

    Nov 5, 2019·27m
  129. 129

    Kang Youwei and the Hundred Days Reform

    Oct 12, 2019·27m
  130. 130

    Losing the Tributaries: The Sino-French and Sino-Japanese Wars in Vietnam and Korea

    Sep 29, 2019·28m
  131. 131

    Book Review of The Shining Path: Love, Madness, and Revolution in the Andes

    Aug 18, 2019·22m
  132. 132

    The Self-Strengthening Movement: Too Little Too Late?

    Aug 12, 2019·25m
  133. 133

    The Second Opium War and the End of the Taiping Civil War

    Jul 3, 2019·32m
  134. 134

    The Taiping Revolution

    Jun 15, 2019·28m
  135. 135

    The Opium War and the Beginning of China's Century of Humiliation

    May 31, 2019·34m
  136. 136

    Introducing the People's History of Ideas Podcast

    May 29, 2019·13m