Invisible iron-based ink can be made to reappear using tannin, as the iron salt penetrates deeper into the paper fibers.
This episode is a detailed reading from a 19th-century forensic handbook, providing a methodical guide to detecting forged documents. It covers visual inspection with magnifying glasses, chemical analysis of inks and paper, and specialized techniques like photography and iodine vapor to reveal alterations.

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Forgery is treated as a problem of careful inspection, not theatrics.

Cheating and Fraud ii.B treats false documents as a matter of patient inspection. When the content does not settle the question, it shifts to the document's exterior form: the paper, its watermark, grease spots, erased writing, and chemical signs.

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If you want a field manual for reading forged paper, start here.

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